The caterpillars emerging from the eggs grow by passing through several molts until they attain full size and pupate in the ground, and moths emerge from these pupae. During night-time feeding, they cut down the stem of their host plants, causing severe damage and rapid crop loss, especially at the seedling stage (Angulo et al. Larvae of cutworms usually feed at night, hiding in cracks and crevices in the soil or under clumps/litter piled around the plants during the day. These group of insects cause extensive damage by cutting seedlings at colour regions and eating only the tender parts of plants. segetum are reported in India (Napiorkowska and Gawowska 2004). Most of the agriculturally important cutworms belong to genera Agrotis, and among them, the most damaging species of this genera are like: A. littoralis, are responsible for causing severe damage to most of the economic plants.
Agrotis spp., Peridroma saucia, Spodoptera frugiperda, S. Cutworms are important polyphagous pests belonging to order Lepidoptera and family Noctuidae (Sharma 2016). Insect pests are significant constraints of many agricultural, horticultural and forest crops worldwide. So, the use of EPNs for the management of cutworms is a good alternate to chemical method.
are found a quite effective and hold considerable potential to manage cutworms. Various species of EPNs like Steinernema spp. Among biological control, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have broad potential to kill the cutworms in soil itself. Recently, biological control has become a practical option for eco-friendly management of numerous insect pests. Moreover, the adverse effects of the chemicals have led researchers to search for new control strategies. Sometimes, inadequate application of these chemicals is resulted into the development of resistance in these pests. As per biology of cutworms, these pests remain hidden in cracks and crevices during most of life cycle so chemical control is often ineffective and economic. Efficient chemical control of cutworm may be obtained by adequately applying chemicals when young caterpillars are still on the leaves and therefore vulnerable. This review article is mainly focused on management of cutworm, which is very challenging due to larval hiding behaviour during the day time and feed actively at night. This pest produces vitiating symptoms with a young stage (larvae) by feeding on the epidermis of leaves and eating away parts of the stem, tubers, etc. Cutworms cause substantial damage to many agricultural and horticultural crops particularly, at the seedling stage. The most prominent species belonging to genera Agrotis are Agrotis ipsilon, A.
Cutworms ( Agrotis spp.) are cosmopolitan and polyphagous pests distributed throughout world, which belong to the family Noctuidae, and about 26 species are found associated with agriculturally important crops in India and some other countries of world.
0 kommentar(er)
